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naturalism    音标拼音: [n'ætʃɚəl,ɪzəm] [n'ætʃrəl,ɪzəm]
n. 自然主义,本能行动

自然主义,本能行动

naturalism
n 1: (philosophy) the doctrine that the world can be understood
in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or
supernatural explanations
2: an artistic movement in 19th century France; artists and
writers strove for detailed realistic and factual description
[synonym: {naturalism}, {realism}]

Naturalism \Nat"u*ral*ism\, n. [Cf. F. naturalisme.]
1. A state of nature; conformity to nature.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Metaph.) The doctrine of those who deny a supernatural
agency in the miracles and revelations recorded in the
Bible, and in spiritual influences; also, any system of
philosophy which refers the phenomena of nature to a blind
force or forces acting necessarily or according to fixed
laws, excluding origination or direction by one
intelligent will.
[1913 Webster]

3. The theory that art or literature should conform to
nature; realism; also, the quality, rendering, or
expression of art or literature executed according to this
theory.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

4. Specifically: The principles and characteristics professed
or represented by a 19th-century school of realistic
writers, notably by Zola and Maupassant, who aimed to give
a literal transcription of reality, and laid special
stress on the analytic study of character, and on the
scientific and experimental nature of their observation of
life.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

70 Moby Thesaurus words for "naturalism":
Marxism, absolute realism, animalism, artlessness, atomism,
authenticity, behaviorism, bona fideness, commonsense realism,
dialectical materialism, earthliness, empiricism, epiphenomenalism,
genuineness, health, historical materialism, honesty, hylomorphism,
hylotheism, hylozoism, inartificiality, legitimacy, lifelikeness,
literalism, literality, literalness, materialism, mechanism,
natural realism, naturalness, nature, naturism, new realism,
normalcy, normality, normalness, order, photographic realism,
physicalism, physicism, positive philosophy, positivism,
pragmaticism, pragmatism, propriety, realism, realness, regularity,
representative realism, secularism, sincerity, substantialism,
temporality, true-to-lifeness, truth to nature, unadulteration,
unaffectation, unaffectedness, unartificialness, unassumingness,
undisguise, unfictitiousness, unpretentiousness, unspeciousness,
unspoiledness, unspuriousness, unsyntheticness, verisimilitude,
wholesomeness, worldliness

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  • Naturalism (philosophy) - Wikipedia
    In philosophy, naturalism is the idea that only natural laws and forces (as opposed to supernatural ones) operate in the universe [1] In its primary sense, [2] it is also known as ontological naturalism, metaphysical naturalism, pure naturalism, philosophical naturalism and antisupernaturalism
  • Naturalism | Realism, Empiricism Materialism | Britannica
    Naturalism, in philosophy, a theory that relates scientific method to philosophy by affirming that all beings and events in the universe (whatever their inherent character may be) are natural
  • Naturalism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
    The term “naturalism” has no very precise meaning in contemporary philosophy Its current usage derives from debates in America in the first half of the last century The self-proclaimed “naturalists” from that period included John Dewey, Ernest Nagel, Sidney Hook and Roy Wood Sellars
  • Naturalism - Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
    Naturalism is an approach to philosophical problems that interprets them as tractable through the methods of the empirical sciences or at least, without a distinctively a priori project of theorizing
  • Tenets of Naturalism
    Naturalism asserts that the world is of a piece; everything we are and do is included in the space-time continuum whose most basic elements are those described by physics We are the evolved products of natural selection, which operates without intention, foresight or purpose
  • What Is Naturalism? (Definition Criticism) - TheCollector
    At its core, naturalism posits that only natural laws and forces operate in the universe It rejects the supernatural, the realm of gods, spirits, and miracles that defy natural explanation Instead, it proposes a universe governed entirely by discoverable, consistent laws
  • Introduction to Naturalism: Challenges and New Perspectives - Topoi
    Naturalism is perhaps the most pervasive “-ism” in contemporary philosophy Different variations of naturalism can be found in virtually all corners of theoretical and practical philosophy
  • NATURALISM Definition Meaning - Merriam-Webster
    The meaning of NATURALISM is action, inclination, or thought based only on natural desires and instincts
  • What is naturalism philosophy? - California Learning Resource Network
    Naturalism, a philosophical perspective asserting that only natural (as opposed to supernatural or spiritual) laws and forces operate in the world, has profound implications for technology, artificial intelligence, and our understanding of computation itself
  • Naturalism (philosophy) | Research Starters - EBSCO
    Naturalism is a philosophical viewpoint that asserts that everything arises from natural processes, rejecting belief in the supernatural It seeks to understand all aspects of reality, including human existence, through the lens of science and the scientific method





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