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surplusage    
n. 剩余物

剩余物

surplusage
n 1: a quantity much larger than is needed [synonym: {excess},
{surplus}, {surplusage}, {nimiety}]

Surplusage \Sur"plus*age\, n. [See {Surplus}, and cf.
{Superplusage}.]
1. Surplus; excess; overplus; as, surplusage of grain or
goods beyond what is wanted.
[1913 Webster]

Take what thou please of all this surplusage.
--Spenser.
[1913 Webster]

A surplusage given to one part is paid out of a
reduction from another part of the same creature.
--Emerson.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Law) Matter in pleading which is not necessary or
relevant to the case, and which may be rejected.
[1913 Webster]

3. (Accounts) A greater disbursement than the charge of the
accountant amounts to. [Obs.] --Rees.
[1913 Webster]

SURPLUSAGE, pleading. A superfluous and useless statement of matter wholly
foreign and impertinent to the cause.
2. In general surplusagium non nocet, according to the maxim utile per
inutile non vitiatur; therefore if a man in his declaration, plea, &c., make
mention of a thing which need, not be stated, but the matter set forth is
grammatically right, and perfectly sensible, no advantage can be taken on
demurrer. Com. Dig. Pleader, C 28, E 2; 1 Salk. 325; 4 East, 400; Gilb. C.
P. 131; Bac. Ab. Pleas, 1, 4; Co. Litt. 303, b; 2 Saund. 306, n. 14; 5 East
444; 1 Chit. Pl. 282; Lawes on Pl. 63; 7 John. 462; 3 Day, 472; 2 Mass. R.
283; 13 John. 80.
3. When, by an unnecessary allegation the plaintiff shows he has no
cause of action, the defendant may demur. Com. Dig. Pleader, c. 29; Bac. Ab.
Pleas, 1, 4; see 2 East, 451; 4 East, 400; Dougl. 667; 2 Bl. Rep. 842; 3
Cranch, 193; 2 Dall. 300; 1 Wash. R. 257.
4. When the surplusage is not grammatically set right, or it is
unintelligible and, no sense at all can be given it, or it be contradictory
or repugnant to what is before alleged, the adversary may take advantage of
it on special demurrer. Gilb. C. P. 132; Lewes on Pl. 64.
5. When a party alleges a material matter with an unnecessary detail of
circumstances, and the essential and non-essential parts of a statement are,
in their nature, so connected as to be incapable of separation, the opposite
party may include under his traverse the whole matter alleged. And as it is
an established rule that the evidence must correspond with the allegations,
it follows that the party who has thus pleaded such unnecessarily matter
will be required to prove it, and thus he is required to sustain an
increased burden of proof, and incurs greater danger of failure at the
trial. For example, if in justifying the taking of cattle damage feasant, in
which case it is sufficient to allege that they were doing damage to his
freehold, he should state a seisin in fee, which is traversed, be must prove
a seisin in fee. Dyer, 365; 2 Saund. 206, a, note 22 Steph. on Pl. 261, 262;
1 Smith's Lead. Cas. 328, note; 1 Greenl. Ev. Sec. 51 1 Chit. Pl. 524, 525;
U. S. Dig. Pleading, VII. c.


SURPLUSAGE, accounts. A greater disbursement than the charges of the
accountant amount to.


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  • CHAPTER 5 CS PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS - 2018 INTERNATIONAL SOLAR ENERGY . . .
    For each roof plane with a photovoltaic array, not fewer than one 36-inch-wide (914 mm) pathway from lowest roof edge to ridge shall be provided on the same roof plane as the photovoltaic array, on an adjacent roof plane or straddling the same and adjacent roof planes
  • CHAPTER 12 ENERGY SYSTEMS - 2018 INTERNATIONAL FIRE CODE (IFC)
    For each roof plane with a photovoltaic array, not fewer than one 36-inch-wide (914 mm) pathway from lowest roof edge to ridge shall be provided on the same roof plane as the photovoltaic array, on an adjacent roof plane or straddling the same and adjacent roof planes
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    For any building with a length or width greater than 250 ft (76 2 m), a minimum 6 ft (1829 mm) pathway is required on all sides If both the length and width are 250 ft (76 2 m) or less, then the pathway is only required to be a minimum of 4 ft (1219 mm)
  • Fire Code Requirements for Rooftop Solar (IFC Guide)
    A guide for solar installers on meeting International Fire Code (IFC) requirements for rooftop PV, including access pathways and setback rules for firefighter safety
  • Field Support - 2018 FSBs - Google Sites
    “Panels and modules installed on dwellings shall be located no higher than 3 feet (914 mm) below the ridge in order to allow for fire department smoke ventilation operations ”
  • What Is Fire Setback Pathways? Definition Guide | SurgePV
    The required clear zones and access pathways on a roof between solar panels and roof edges, ridges, hips, and valleys — mandated by fire codes (IFC, IRC) to provide firefighter access for ventilation, rescue, and fire suppression operations during structure fires
  • 2018 Modified Roof Setbacks for Residential Solar PV Systems
    Not less than two minimum 36-inch wide (914 mm) pathways on separate roof planes, from lowest roof edge to ridge, shall be provided on all buildings At least one pathway shall be provided on the street or driveway side of the roof
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    When installing photovoltaic panels on one- and two-family homes, it’s important to understand the requirements for access pathways and the requirements for setback from the ridge, which only apply to roofs with a slope greater than a 2-in-12 pitch
  • Solar Fire Setback Requirements: IFC, IBC Rooftop Access Rules
    Key Takeaways Fire setbacks provide firefighter access on PV-equipped roofs Typical: 18” ridge, 36” eave, 4-ft commercial walkways IFC 1205 + IBC + IRC + state amendments AHJ may grant alternate-means exemptions Required on every solar permit submission
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