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tautology    
n. 同义反复,重复

同义反复,重复

tautology
重言

tautology
同义反复

tautology
n 1: (logic) a statement that is necessarily true; "the
statement `he is brave or he is not brave' is a tautology"
2: useless repetition; "to say that something is `adequate
enough' is a tautology"

Tautology \Tau*tol"o*gy\, n. [L. tautologia, Gr. ?: cf. F.
tautologie.] (Rhet.)
A repetition of the same meaning in different words; needless
repetition of an idea in different words or phrases; a
representation of anything as the cause, condition, or
consequence of itself, as in the following lines:

The dawn is overcast, the morning lowers,
And heavily in clouds brings on the day. --Addison.
[1913 Webster]

Syn: Repetition.

Usage: {Tautology}, {Repetition}. There may be frequent
repetitions (as in legal instruments) which are
warranted either by necessity or convenience; but
tautology is always a fault, being a sameness of
expression which adds nothing to the sense or the
sound.
[1913 Webster]

83 Moby Thesaurus words for "tautology":
abundance, amplitude, battology, bedizenment, circumambages,
circumbendibus, circumlocution, cloud of words, copiousness,
diffuseness, diffusion, diffusiveness, duplication,
duplication of effort, effusion, effusiveness, embellishment,
expletive, extravagance, exuberance, fat, featherbedding,
fecundity, fertility, filling, fluency, formlessness, frill,
frills, frippery, gingerbread, gush, gushing, iteration, logorrhea,
long-windedness, luxury, macrology, needlessness, ornamentation,
outpour, overadornment, overflow, overlap, padding, palilogy,
payroll padding, periphrase, periphrasis, pleonasm, prodigality,
productivity, profuseness, profusion, prolificacy, prolificity,
prolixity, rampancy, rankness, redundance, redundancy, reiteration,
reiterativeness, repetition, repetition for effect,
repetitiousness, repetitiveness, roundabout, stammering,
stuttering, superabundance, superfluity, superfluousness,
superflux, talkativeness, tautologism, teemingness, tirade,
unnecessariness, verbality, verbiage, verbosity, wordiness


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  • discrete mathematics - Show that (p ∧ q) → (p ∨ q) is a tautology . . .
    Show that (p ∧ q) → (p ∨ q) is a tautology The first step shows: (p ∧ q) → (p ∨ q) ≡ ¬(p ∧ q) ∨ (p ∨ q) I've been reading my text book and looking at Equivalence Laws I know the answer to this but I don't understand the first step How is (p ∧ q)→ ≡ ¬(p ∧ q)? If someone could explain this I would be extremely
  • Is A∨¬A a tautology when there is a proof (by contradiction)?
    $\begingroup$ @NickRosencrantz A tautology is a statement which truth table is always true A logical truth is a statement that is always true after you interpret its meaning
  • How to prove this is a tautology - Mathematics Stack Exchange
    $\begingroup$ Is somebody demanding a proof from you? If so, you need to tell us which particular formal proof system they want you to use -- there are many possible ones which are structured quite differently (even though they prove the same things), and a hint that works with one may well be useless for another system
  • How can I use a truth table to show that this is a tautology?
    To make a truth table, you make columns for all the variables and rows for all combinations of truth values of the variables Then you make as many columns as you want to assess the truth value of the statement in question If you want to prove something a tautology, it must be true for all values of the truth value of the variables
  • What is the best way check whether statement is tautology
    Yes, you can rework the logical expression just like you rework algebraic expressions If at the end you get TRUE FALSE (i e you get a value which does not depend on any variable), then the initial formula was a tautology or a contradiction E g you can rework any expression into Disjunctive Normal Form
  • logic - How to determine if statement is a tautology, contradiction, or . . .
    Use logical equivalencies to classify as tautology, contradiction, or contingency 2 Show that the conditional statement is a tautology without using a truth table
  • Is tautology a syntactical notion? - Mathematics Stack Exchange
    In that world, "tautology" is firmly established as a "semantic" concept (Or so I thought -- but see also Noah Schweber's answer which shows that he considers the word "tautology" to belong to the syntactic concept even when considering only logic He and I agree about what is syntactic and what is semantic in that context, but not about the
  • What is the Conjunction Normal Form of a tautology?
    Stack Exchange Network Stack Exchange network consists of 183 Q A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers
  • logic - How is $ ( (X\to Y)\to X)\to X$ a tautology? - Mathematics . . .
    Consequently, such a conversion shows you why such a formula as (((X→Y)→X)→X) qualifies as a tautology, because every single step of the conversion process ensures that you don't make any steps which result in any formulas which have a distinct truth value, and you ended with a tautology In other words, We start with
  • How to prove the tautology for the inference rule of hypothetical . . .
    I'm with Dan Christensen It is not only just horribly messy to use "chains of logical equivalence" it completely obscures why $((p \rightarrow q) \land (q \rightarrow r)) \rightarrow \big( p \rightarrow r)$ is logically true on any sensible treatment of the conditional (including e g in constructive frameworks where De Morgan's Laws, for example, aren't available)





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